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Automobiles >> Traffic Accidents >>
Basic Knowledge Concerning Traffic Accidents |
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｜ Basic Knowledge Concerning Traffic Accidents ｜
｜ Automobile Inspection/ Automobile Insurance ｜
｜ Traffic Accident Consultation Office ｜ |
＜Basic Knowledge Concerning Traffic Accidents＞
＜交通事故の基礎知識＞ |
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Drivers who cause traffic accidents must take criminal, civil, and administrative liabilities.
交通事故を起こせば、自動車のドライバーは、民事上、刑事上、行政上の三つの責任を負わなければなりません。 |
Civil Liability (Responsibility for Damage Compensation)
民事上の責任
（賠償責任） |
If a driver causes an accident in which another person is injured, the injured party will require medical treatment, miss work, and be burdened emotionally and financially. In such cases, the injured party can ask for compensation for damages based on Civil Law.
運転者が運転を誤って事故を起こし、傷害を受けた被害者は、怪我の治療を受け、仕事を休み、精神的・経済的な損害をうけます。
この場合、被害者は、民法の規定に基き損害賠償を求めることができます。 |
Criminal Liability (Punishment )
刑事上の責任
（刑 罰） |
While civil regulations concerning compensation for damages is the law
which prescribes human relationships between victims and assailants, criminal
law stipulates the relationship between the nation (the main body of punishment
rights) and criminals. If you injure or cause the death of a third party
through negligent driving, you will be accused of professional negligence
and involuntary manslaughter (Criminal Law, Article 211). You are also
accused of violation of the Road Traffic Law if you drive a car without
a driver's license or drive under the influence of alcohol.
民事上の損害賠償の規定が、被害者と加害者の人間関係を規定する法に対し、刑罰権の主体である国と犯人との間を規律する法です。
交通事故で他人に怪我をさせたり、死亡させてしまった場合は、刑法211条の業務上過失致死罪に問われ、無免許運転や飲酒運転などの違反をした場合、道路交通法違反にも問われます。 |
Administrative Liability (Revocation/ Suspension of Driver's License)
行政上の責任
（免許の取消し、停止） |
This is executed by the Public Safety Commission to fulfill its duty as
the administrative organization concerned. Under the point system, if you
lose a certain number of points, you are subject to such punishment as
revocation or suspension of your driver's license.
公安委員会が行政機関の目的から行うもの。点数制度がとられていて点数が一定の基準に達すると運転免許の取り消しや停止の処分になります。 |
What is a 'HANSOKUKIN'
反則金とは： |
The Road Traffic Law includes "the Traffic Infraction Notification
System" (in which a total of 15 points is given to licensed drivers).
When committing minor traffic offenses, if you pay the HANSOKUKIN (traffic
infraction fee) within the given period, you will be exempted from judgment
at a criminal or a family court.
道路交通法には、交通反則通告制度があって、軽微な交通違反については反則金を納めれば刑事追求されません。 |
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| ＜ What to do when you are at fault in a traffic accident 事故を起こしたときすること＞ |
Assist any injured parties
負傷者の救護 |
Ambulance: Call 119
救急車 119に連絡する |
Taking necessary measures to prevent other dangers
危険防止の措置 |
You should take necessary measures to prevent accidents that may be caused by your accident.
第２、３の事故防止のため危険防止措置をとる。 |
Report to the police
警察への届け |
Police: Call 110. Because assailants sometimes do not report to the police
in order to avoid of punishment, victims should report the traffic accidents
by themselves, too.
警察 110に連絡する。加害者で処罰を恐れ届けをしない場合があるので、被害者からも必ず届けること。 |
Notify one's Insurance Company
保険会社への通知 |
If you cause a traffic accident, you should notify your insurance company
promptly. If you are a obligatory insurance policy holder, the insurance
money cannot be paid unless you report it within 60 days of the traffic
accident.
事故を起こしたら速やかに、保険会社へ届ける。任意保険に加入している場合、事故後60日以内に届けないと保険金が支払われない。 |
| ＜What you must to do when you are involved a traffic accident 事故の被害者がすること＞ |
Confirmation of the involved party
相手の確認 |
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Preservation of documents concerning the traffic accident
事故関係書類の保存 |
Traffic accident certificates, papers reporting the circumstances when the accident occurred, diagnosis certificates, detailed statement of medical treatment fees, certificates of job suspension damage, receipts of medical care fees, certificates of seal (Inkan), bills of insurance money payment, etc.
交通事故証明書、事故発生状況報告書、診断書、診療報酬明細書、休業損害証明書、看護費領収書、印鑑証明、保険金支払い請求書など |
Confirmation of the situation in which the traffic accident occurred
事故状況の確認 |
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